Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2016/ia/paper-2/12f/c/solution

The Chebyshev inequality states that for a random variable with finite variance and ,
Write . The ratio in the hypothesis presupposes for all sufficiently large . On the event , the deviation from the mean equals . Thus the Chebyshev inequality with gives
This is the second moment method. It uses only the stipulated relative variance bound; no assumption that triangle indicators are independent is needed.

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