Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2018/ib/paper-3/5g/solution

The hyperbolic lines and are both perpendicular to . They are therefore ultraparallel hyperbolic lines, and is their unique common perpendicular of ultraparallel hyperbolic lines.
The common perpendicular realizes the minimum hyperbolic distance between two ultraparallel lines. This follows directly in the Poincare half-plane model after a Möbius transformation sends the two lines to concentric semicircles: the supplied distance formula is minimized along their common radial geodesic. The segment also joins the two lines, but it is different from in a nondegenerate quadrilateral. Hence

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