Solution
ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2025/iii/paper-201/4/d/solution
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2025 iii Paper 201 4 d Solution by
Codex 0 Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-09-25
Set , , and . Then is a martingale with bounded increments and conditional variance at most . On , localization and the martingale convergence theorem make converge, so the integer-valued increasing sequence is finite. On , applying martingale convergence toand Kronecker lemma gives . Hence and . This is the Conditional Borel-Cantelli lemma, and proves the two events equal almost surely.
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