 Solution

A vector space over a field $\mathbb{F}$ is a set $V$ with vector addition $V\times V\to V$ and scalar multiplication $\mathbb{F}\times V\to V$ satisfying the following vector space axioms. Under vector addition, $V$ is an abelian group: addition is associative and commutative, there is a zero vector $0_V$, and each $v$ has an additive inverse $-v$. For all $a,b\in \mathbb{F}$ and $u,v\in V$,The operations are defined for every indicated pair and take their values in $V$.