Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2017/paper-1/16/c/ii/solution

For , integrate the probability density function to obtain the cumulative distribution function
If , the requested probability is . Since the hyperbolic tangent is odd, this gives
The second case matters because the question places no sign restriction on : the event is empty when its upper endpoint is nonpositive. Using an oriented integral from to a negative would give a negative number, not a probability.

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