Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-mathematics-course-of-the-year-1-of-the-natural-sciences-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/paper-1/6/solution

Both segments start at , so their direction vectors are and . Their dot product is , and their norms are and . Thus
The angle between the rays lies in , so its sine is nonnegative:
The negative cosine correctly identifies an obtuse angle. One also obtains the sine from , using the cross product.

New to topics? Read the docs here!