Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-options-ii-course-of-the-university-of-oxford/2011/m/m5/b/i/solution

Use the state space , since an empty box is refilled immediately. The probability that formerly led from to now leads to . Thus the transition matrix is
For , the second line includes the self-loop obtained when all stickers are taken. When , this is simply the one-state Markov chain.

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