Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-physics-a-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2021/paper-1/section-a/2/solution

Inside the rectangular potential barrier, the electron's wavefunction is evanescent, with decay constant
For width , the squared exponential suppression in the quantum tunnelling probability is
This is the usual leading-exponential estimate. The rectangular-barrier tunnelling probability, retaining the interface-matching prefactor for equal potentials on the two sides, is
Here that prefactor is , so the more accurate result is . Both estimates show that transmission is of order one part in a million. A classical particle with this kinetic energy cannot cross the barrier at all.

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