Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-physics-b-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2018/paper-2/section-a/a4/solution

Model air as a dilute ideal gas of molecules described by the hard sphere model. The number density and mean free path are
The factor accounts for the relative motion of the colliding molecules. A molecular collision diameter has to be estimated because none is supplied. Taking , appropriate as an order-of-magnitude size for the main constituents of air, gives
Thus the mean free path is about , or . A slightly smaller assumed diameter gives about , illustrating the intended precision of the estimate.

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