Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-physics-of-nanoelectronic-systems-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2013/paper-1/1/a/solution

Use , along , and for the electron's confinement potential energy. The spin-resolved Landau level branches in the smooth-edge approximation are
The spin labels denote upper and lower energies; the sign of a material's effective factor is not inferred from the stated positive splitting. In units of , the four occupied bulk energies are . A chemical potential in therefore gives filling factor four. The branches rise at both confining edges and cross the common Fermi energy once at each edge. Each crossing is one spin-resolved quantum Hall edge state; there are four on either side. The two spin branches within an orbital level are separated by , while the intervening gap to the next orbital pair is .
Figure 1.
Original normalized edge spectrum with four occupied spin-resolved bulk branches
. Details.

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