Solution

ID: past-exam-of-the-theoretical-physics-ii-course-of-the-university-of-cambridge/2019/4/f/solution

Take the two magnetic moments along to be , so and the two energies are . The quantum Gibbs state at inverse temperature is
Its Bloch vector is . At , or in the high-temperature limit, it approaches ; at with nonzero , it approaches the lower-energy pure state. Here is the magnitude or signed coefficient multiplying in the magnetic Hamiltonian, rather than a moment with an additional unstated factor of two.

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