 Typical subspace theorem

For each fixed $\delta >0$, the quantum typical subspace projector selects eigenvalues of ${\pi }^{\otimes n}$ between $2^{-n(S(\pi )+\delta )}$ and $2^{-n(S(\pi )-\delta )}$. Its probability tends to one by the weak law of large numbers for the spectral information variable. If its probability is at least $1-ϵ$, its dimension is between $(1-ϵ)2^{n(S(\pi )-\delta )}$ and $2^{n(S(\pi )+\delta )}$. These statements give the size and concentration estimates behind Schumacher compression.