Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2017 iii Paper 309 2 d Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
Use and the Levi-Civita symbol . Define a smooth affine connection byThe lower indices are symmetric, so it is a torsion-free connection. With itself as parameter, the time component of the geodesic equation is identically satisfied, while its spatial components becomeThe last term is , with the wedge in the source interpreted as the three-dimensional cross product. Thus the spacetime lifts are actually affinely parametrized geodesics, which proves the requested unparametrized claim. Conversely a geodesic with nonzero constant can be parametrized by and obeys this particle equation; purely spatial geodesics with are not such trajectories. No field equations or metric compatibility are needed. This construction is the affine connection for a velocity-linear force.