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Joined 2026-09-21 Message
Incoming links: Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov
Nobel Prize in Physics in 2003 2026-10-18
Awarded in equal thirds to Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov, Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg and Anthony J. Leggett for pioneering theoretical contributions to superconductors and superfluids.[ref]
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2003 by Nobel Prize Outreach. Individual official 2003 summary: equal thirds; theory of superconductors and superfluids.
Type-II superconductor Created 2026-10-14 Updated 2026-10-18
A type-II superconductor can admit magnetic flux through quantized vortices while retaining superconductivity between their cores. Its superconducting mixed state lies between the lower critical magnetic field and upper critical magnetic field. These are equilibrium bulk distinctions; sample shape, flux pinning and preparation affect a measured magnetic response.
The motivating thin-film experiments changed an apparently minor preparation detail. Nikolay Zavaritskii evaporated metal onto glass; Alexander Shalnikov proposed cooling the substrate to helium temperatures to suppress agglomeration. The resulting critical-field behavior no longer matched the small-parameter approximation. Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov found a different regime within the same theory, rather than discarding its equations.[ref]
Nobel Lecture: Type-II superconductors and the vortex lattice by Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov. p.975, film preparation and the second group