Association mapping localizes genetic influences on a phenotype by testing population genetic association with markers. Linkage disequilibrium allows a typed marker to tag a nearby causal variant; historical genetic recombination can narrow the associated interval. Population stratification can produce association without a local causal relation.
// Target: biology.bigb
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Association mapping, also known as linkage disequilibrium mapping, is a genetic analysis method used to identify the relationship between genetic markers and traits of interest in a population. It is particularly useful in understanding the genetic basis of complex traits, such as those influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. ### Key Concepts: 1. **Genetic Markers**: These are specific sequences in the genome, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), that vary among individuals.