Barotropic spherical accretion equation ($(u-c_s^2/u)u^{\prime }=2c_s^2/r-{\Phi }^{\prime }$)

Steady spherical continuity equation gives $r^2\rho u=\text{constant}$. Combining this with Euler equations for an inviscid fluid and $c_s^2=dp/d\rho$ gives the displayed equation. Smooth transonic passage requires $u^2=c_s^2$ and ${\Phi }^{\prime }=2c_s^2/r$ simultaneously. The barotropic enthalpy function gives the integral $u^2/2+h+\Phi =\text{constant}$.

At a regular sonic point, differentiating the vanishing coefficient and numerator yields $(2+C/c_s^2)(u^{\prime }{)}^2+4C{u}^{\prime }/(ru)+(4C+2c_s^2)/r^2+{\Phi }^{\prime \prime }=0$. A real slope compatible with the desired branch is needed in addition to the sonic equalities. For constant sound speed this reduces to $(u^{\prime }{)}^2=-c_s^2/r^2-{\Phi }^{\prime \prime }/2$.