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Cancellation of vacuum bubbles

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Physics Branch of physics Quantum field theory Perturbative quantum field theory Feynman diagram Vacuum Feynman diagram
2026-10-06  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
A perturbative correlator factors into an exponential of connected Vacuum Feynman diagrams times a sum of Feynman diagrams attached to external insertions. Dividing its path integral by the vacuum generating functional at zero source cancels that exponential, including all disconnected products of vacuum components. The corresponding operator formalism uses the same denominator in the vacuum expectation of the Dyson series. This leaves externally disconnected correlators intact; the connected generating functional removes their products.

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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2016 / iii / Paper 301 / 1 / Solution

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