The net number of charm quarks minus charm antiquarks. It is conserved by the strong interaction and electromagnetic interaction, but can change through weak charged currents.
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In the context of particle physics, "charm" refers to one of the six types (or "flavors") of quarks, which are fundamental particles that combine to form protons, neutrons, and other hadrons. The charm quark carries a quantum number known as "charm quantum number," denoted usually by \(C\). The charm quantum number can take on values of either +1 or 0.