Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2016 iii Paper 309 3 b ii Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-06
On smooth functions, the Lie derivative of a function satisfiesOn an arbitrary vector field , the Lie derivative of a vector field givesThe middle equality follows from the Jacobi identity for the Lie bracket of vector fields. One can verify that identity without assuming the result being proved: view vector fields as derivations acting on smooth functions, expand their commutators, and cancel the six compositions. Equality as derivations implies equality as vector fields.
For the second identity, let be any operators on either smooth functions or vector fields. Associativity of composition givesEach term cancels in the sum. Applying this to , , proves both requested identities on both kinds of arguments:The commutator identity for Lie derivatives expresses that the Lie derivative of a tensor field represents the Lie bracket of vector fields.