Differentiation operator 2026-10-25
The differentiation operator sends a differentiable function to its derivative; its domain and the norms must be specified. On with values in , using the supremum norm on both, it is an unbounded linear operator: satisfies and . Its graph norm is , which is complete. Indeed, the kernel consists of constants and is complete, while is a bounded right inverse by the fundamental theorem of calculus; apply completeness of a graph norm from a bounded right inverse.
Past exam of the functional analysis I course of the University of Oxford 2023 1 c Solution 2026-10-25
Let be a Cauchy sequence in the graph norm, and set . Since is a Cauchy sequence in the Banach space . Write .
Use the bounded right inverse to remove the part seen by :Thus , and the operator norm bound givesThe assumed completeness of supplies with in . Put . The linearity of and the right inverse identity give . ThereforeWe have proved the completeness of a graph norm from a bounded right inverse: