Agreement among defensible measures intended to assess the same construct. A lack of association can reflect different constructs, measurement error or restricted variation; a positive association can also arise from shared incidental demands.
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Convergent validity is a type of criterion-related validity that assesses whether two measures that are supposed to be measuring the same construct yield similar results. It is an important aspect of construct validity, which examines whether a test accurately measures the theoretical concept it is intended to measure. For example, if two different tests are designed to measure the same psychological trait, such as intelligence or anxiety, convergent validity would be indicated if those tests produce similar scores for the same group of individuals.