A cosmic void is a large region with lower matter or galaxy density than its surroundings in the large-scale structure of the universe. It is not an exactly empty volume; voids can contain galaxies, gas and dark matter.
Voids emerge as initially underdense regions evolve relative to denser filaments and walls. An observational void depends on the tracer population, survey selection and identification algorithm, so a galaxy-defined void need not coincide exactly with a matter-defined underdensity. Their shapes, abundance and dynamics can test cosmological structure-growth models.
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