Dan Israël developed a systematic teaching account of string theory that connects the string worldsheet with quantization and conformal field theory. His notes work from the classical string description toward the quantum consistency and interaction problems.[ref]
The distinction between worldsheet coordinates and target-spacetime coordinates is foundational: a field on the two-dimensional worldsheet can describe how a string is embedded in a higher-dimensional spacetime. The formulation separates the model's internal description from the space in which its physical excitations are interpreted.

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