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Discontinuous functional detected by vanishing sequence tails (f(vN​)=1,∥vN​∥2​→0)

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics Area of mathematics Algebra Linear algebra Dual space Linear functional
Created 2026-10-06 Updated 2026-10-07  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
If a linear functional on a normed vector space has f(vN​)=1 for a sequence tending to zero in norm, it is discontinuous and unbounded. An explicit example is the algebraic span in ℓ2 of the coordinate vectors and w=(2−n)n≥1​. Define f(w)=1 and f(en​)=0. The tails vN​=w−∑n=1N​2−nen​ have norm 2−N/3​ but image one. Thus the functional vanishes on the dense finite-support subspace while being nonzero elsewhere.

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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2016 / ib / Paper 4 / 12G / c / Solution

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