Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2018 iii Paper 103 1 i Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-05
Fix a Young tableau of shape , let be its column stabilizer, and putThese are the Column antisymmetrizer of a Young tableau and its polytabloid. The Specht module is generated by as a cyclic module, so the nonzero R-module homomorphism has . Because its extension commutes with the group algebra action,Expand in the tabloid basis of the Young permutation module . At least one tabloid therefore satisfies .
If a row of contains two entries from the same column of , their transposition fixes . Pairing the terms indexed by and in makes them cancel. This remains valid in characteristic two, since the paired coefficients sum to zero there as well. Thus each row of meets each column of in at most one entry.
The first rows of consequently contain at most entries from column of , where is the conjugate partition. HenceBy the dominance order on partitions, this provesThis is dominance from a nonzero column antisymmetrizer. The extension is what allows us to apply to an element of without dividing by the column stabilizer's order, which might vanish in the given field.