Exterior roots of the derivative polynomial bound multistep stability ($\sigma (w_{\ast })=0$, $|w_{\ast }|>1$)

If the derivative characteristic polynomial $\sigma$ of a linear multistep method has a simple root outside the unit disk and keeps its degree in the limit, then its absolute stability region is bounded. Otherwise a stable sequence with $|z|\to \infty$ would give amplification polynomials $\sigma -\rho /z$ tending coefficientwise to $\sigma$. A root near the exterior root would persist by continuity, contradicting the root condition for a multistep method. This argument excludes stability at every sufficiently large complex $z$, not only along the negative real axis.