For , choose with and define
The sequence on the right is Cauchy because
and it converges because is complete. The same estimate shows that the limit is independent of the approximating sequence, is linear, and satisfies
Its norm is at most , while restriction to gives the reverse inequality, so
Any two continuous extensions agree on the dense set and hence everywhere, proving uniqueness. This is the extension of a bounded linear operator from a dense subspace.
Completeness of was never used, so the result remains true when is incomplete. Completeness of is essential. For example, with , let the codomain be the incomplete normed space with the norm and let be the identity. An extension would have to send every limit in to itself and therefore could not take values in . This is the failure of dense-subspace extension into an incomplete codomain.