For a nonempty radially open convex set disjoint from a vector subspace , there is a nonzero linear functional whose kernel of a linear map contains and avoids . Choose and the Minkowski functional of . On , set . Disjointness implies , which gives for negative ; nonnegativity of gives it for nonnegative . The algebraic Hahn-Banach theorem extends to . For , , so . Also and .
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