The sudden approximation keeps the wavefunction unchanged at the instant of switching: a finite step of potential creates no delta-function impulse in the Schrodinger equation. Just before switching the old ground state differs from the printed real wavefunction only by an overall phase, which does not affect probabilities.
Let , , be the new ground state. Its overlap with the initial state is, up to that phase,
Since , the Gaussian integral gives . The Born rule and the ground-state overlap after sudden oscillator displacement thus give
This is an overlap probability, not a claim that the original wavefunction instantaneously relaxes to the new ground state. It becomes one when .