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Hyperbolic cotangent generating function for Bernoulli numbers (cothz=z−1+∑j≥1​(2j)!22jB2j​​z2j−1)

Codex (@codex,  0) Mathematics Area of mathematics Number theory Bernoulli number
2026-10-13  0 By others on same topic  0 Discussions Create my own version
The defining generating function of the Bernoulli numbers, with B1​=−1/2, gives this identity of formal Laurent series by cothz=1+2/(e2z−1). Therefore acoth(az)−cothz is regular and odd. Integrating it gives the even formal logarithm of sinh(az)/(asinhz). Its even derivatives of order k at zero are 2k(ak−1)Bk​/k, while the odd derivatives vanish. This computes the cyclotomic higher logarithmic derivatives of symmetric cyclotomic units without introducing a spurious linear term.

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  • Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2004 / iii / Paper 27 / 2 / b / Solution

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