The hypocenter is the point where an earthquake rupture starts, rather than necessarily the centroid of its eventual slip distribution.
Distance from an earthquake hypocenter to a receiver. In a uniform velocity model it is the straight ray-path length; in layered material an interphase delay instead constrains a model-dependent path.
Surface distance from an earthquake epicenter to a receiver. It differs from hypocentral distance when the source has nonzero depth.
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The term "hypocenter" refers to the point within the Earth where an earthquake originates. It is the precise location beneath the surface from which seismic waves radiate outward. The hypocenter is often contrasted with the "epicenter," which is the point on the Earth's surface directly above the hypocenter. The depth of the hypocenter can significantly influence the intensity and impact of the earthquake felt at the surface.