For a fixed set of roots among labelled vertices, the number of forests with exactly one root in each graph component is . Orient edges toward their roots. Repeatedly remove the smallest nonroot leaf and record its parent. This gives a code of length whose last entry is a root. Conversely, for any such code choose the smallest remaining nonroot absent from the remaining code, join it to the first entry, and delete it. There is always a choice because the final entry is a root. These inverse operations give choices for the earlier entries and for the last. For , the empty forest is unique.
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