For a graph on vertices with all edge weights in , every minimum-weight shortest path has the smallest possible number of edges. Indeed, positivity permits a simple optimum, and a simple -edge path weighs at most for , while any path with more edges weighs at least . A breadth-first search followed by weighted dynamic programming along increasing-hop edges therefore solves the single-source problem in time. Choosing an arbitrary breadth-first tree alone is insufficient: equal-hop routes may still have different weights.
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