A change in one nuclear signal caused by perturbing another through cross-relaxation. Appropriate measurements constrain distances or molecular motions, with interpretation dependent on dynamics.
Transfer of magnetization through a network of coupled spins, which can create indirect NOE correlations.
Rotating-frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy, using NMR cross-relaxation during a spin-lock period.

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The Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE) is a phenomenon observed in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy that arises from the interaction between spin states of neighboring nuclear spins, typically hydrogen nuclei (protons). It is a result of the cross-relaxation process between closely spaced nuclei, which can enhance the NMR signal of certain nuclei in the presence of others.