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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2004 / ia / Paper 4 / 1E / a

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics course of the University of Cambridge Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2004 ia Paper 4 1E
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a
The Euclidean algorithm gives
100=79+21,79=3⋅21+16,21=16+5,16=3⋅5+1.
(1)
Back substitution produces the Bézout's identity
1=16−3(21−16)=4(79−3⋅21)−3⋅21=19⋅79−15⋅100.
(2)
Hence a positive integer solution is m=19, n=15​. More generally, subtracting this identity from any other solution shows 79(m−19)=100(n−15). Since 79 and 100 are coprime, the integer solutions are m=19+100k, n=15+79k; both are positive precisely when k≥0.

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