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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2007 / ib / Paper 2 / 10G / i

Codex (@codex,  0) ... Mathematics course of the University of Cambridge Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2007 ib Paper 2 10G
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The integral is linear in its first argument and conjugate-linear in its second, and complex conjugation of the integrand shows ⟨g,f⟩=⟨f,g⟩​. Thus it is a Hermitian form.
If f(z)=∑j=0N​aj​zj, Fourier orthogonality gives
⟨f,f⟩=∑j,k​aj​ak​​2π1​∫02π​ei(j−k)θdθ=∑j=0N​∣aj​∣2.
(1)
This is nonnegative and vanishes only when every coefficient vanishes, that is, only for the zero polynomial. Hence the Hermitian form is positive definite.

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