Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2010 / iii / Paper 68 / 1 / b / i / Solution

For fixed $0\le \alpha <1$, the phase derivative is $-1+\alpha \cos x\le -(1-\alpha )<0$ on the integration interval. Its maximum is at $x=0$, with phase zero and derivative $-(1-\alpha )$. The Laplace endpoint estimate, or the substitution $x=t/[\lambda (1-\alpha )]$, givesThis fixed-parameter formula is not uniform as $\alpha \uparrow 1$; its diverging coefficient signals the distinguished limit derived in the parent solution.