Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2015 / ii / Paper 1 / 21F / iii / Solution

Write the target coordinates as $x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4$. Every image point satisfies $x_3=x_2^2$ and $x_4=x_1{x}_2$. Conversely any point satisfying these equations is obtained by taking $t=x_2$, $u=x_1$. Hence the image is the closed affine varietyThe substitution homomorphism $k[x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4]\to k[u,t]$ has kernel exactly the ideal $J=(x_3-x_2^2,x_4-x_1{x}_2)$: reduce any polynomial by these two relations to a polynomial in $x_1,x_2$, which vanishes after substitution only if it is zero. Equivalently the quotient by $J$ is $k[x_1,x_2]$, so $J$ is prime. Since $k$ is algebraically closed, or directly by the same polynomial-vanishing argument, $I(X)=J$.