Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2015 / iii / Paper 60 / 1 / i

In SI units, magnetostatic equilibrium without gravity is $\nabla p={\mu }_0^{-1}(\nabla \times \mathbf{B})\times \mathbf{B}$. For a purely axial magnetic field, the magnetic tension term $(\mathbf{B}\cdot \nabla )\mathbf{B}$ vanishes. Thus the radial balance isMatching the magnetohydrodynamic total pressure to the field-free exterior gives the gas pressure and axial field bound:The inequality follows directly from nonnegative gas pressure. It is the magnetic pressure limit for an untwisted flux tube, without inward hoop tension.