Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge / 2018 / iii / Paper 141 / 2 / d

Let $H_{+}$ be the positively oriented Hopf link obtained by closing a two-strand braid with two positive crossings. Switching one crossing gives the two-component unlink; the oriented smoothing gives the unknot. The printed skein relation givesRepresent the right-handed trefoil knot by the closure of the two-strand braid with three positive crossings. Switching one crossing gives the unknot, while its oriented smoothing gives $H_{+}$. Consequentlyso the two Jones polynomials areThe second expression follows from the mirror of a link identity. They are unequal Laurent polynomials, so invariance under link isotopy proves that the right-handed and left-handed trefoils are not isotopic.