A generic pull-style UML class diagram is shown below.
ConcreteSubject inherits subscription management from Subject; ConcreteObserver realizes the Observer interface. The subject can have many registered observers, while a concrete observer uses its subject reference to obtain state during update.Observer-pattern roles, subscriptions and pull-style state access
. Open triangles indicate inheritance or interface realization. Ordinary directed associations indicate references and do not assert ownership of observer lifetimes. Subject notification invokes the Observer update interface. Details. Articles by others on the same topic
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