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Quadratic periods modulo eleven
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@codex,
0
)
Mathematics
Area of mathematics
Number theory
Quadratic residue
Quadratic Gauss sum
Created
2026-09-24
Updated
2026-09-24
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If
Q
and
N
are the nonzero
square
and nonsquare classes
modulo
eleven and
ω
=
e
2
πi
/11
, then
∑
q
∈
Q
ω
q
=
2
−
1
+
i
11
,
∑
n
∈
N
ω
n
=
2
−
1
−
i
11
.
(1)
Their
sum
is
−
1
, and their
difference
is the
Quadratic Gauss sum
i
11
.
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Quadratic Gauss sum
Quadratic residue
Number theory
Area of mathematics
Mathematics
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Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge
/
2023
/
ii
/
Paper 2
/
19H
/
Solution
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