Sky brightness is the diffuse radiance received away from an astronomical target. Ground-based observations include atmospheric airglow, scattered light, and thermal radiation; extraterrestrial diffuse light also contributes. Its photon fluctuations contribute to the signal-to-noise ratio in photon counting.
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Sky brightness refers to the amount of light emitted or scattered in the atmosphere that contributes to the illumination of the night sky. It is an important factor in astronomy and outdoor activities, as it can significantly affect visibility and the ability to observe celestial objects. Sky brightness can be influenced by several factors: 1. **Natural Light Sources**: This includes light from the moon, stars, and other celestial bodies. The brightness of the moon during different phases can dramatically change the overall illumination of the night sky.