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A thiolate is $\mathrm{R}{\mathrm{S}}^{-}$, the conjugate base of a thiol. Its polarizable sulfur is often effective in conjugate addition. protonation of the resulting carbon anion can regenerate thiolate from another thiol molecule.

A pair of metal centres connected through one or more thiolate sulfur donors. A ${\mathrm{M}}_2(\mu -\mathrm{SR}{)}_2$ diamond can coexist with a direct metal–metal bond; each bridging thiolate supplies a donor interaction at both metals.

Conjugate addition of a thiol-derived sulfur nucleophile to an activated alkene. The sulfur substituent is installed at the beta carbon of an enone, not at its carbonyl carbon.

Thiophenol is $\mathrm{PhSH}$. Its conjugate base is thiophenolate, $\mathrm{Ph}{\mathrm{S}}^{-}$, a sulfur-centered nucleophile.

A ${\mu }_3$ thiocyanate connecting three metal centres. In layered first-row divalent metal thiocyanates, its nitrogen coordinates one metal and its sulfur coordinates two others, giving an $\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{N}}_2{\mathrm{S}}_4$ octahedral coordination environment.