Conjugate addition attacks a beta position in a conjugated electrophile and redistributes pi bonding, often generating an enolate. proton transfer then supplies a saturated carbonyl product.
A nucleophile adds reversibly at the beta carbon to form an enolate, which is functionalized before elimination restores the alkene.
A 1,6-Conjugate addition attacks the delta carbon of an extended conjugated electrophile. The resulting extended enolate can be protonated at different sites; proton transfer or equilibration can favor a product retaining carbonyl–alkene conjugation.
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