For a stable -point closed-string scattering amplitude on a genus- surface, let count complex unmarked worldsheet moduli and count complex dimensions of the worldsheet conformal Killing group. Integrating the vertex positions and moduli, then fixing positions, leaves complex integrations. The punctured Riemann surface moduli dimension identifies this as . Faddeev-Popov ghost fields and antighost insertions implement the removed zero modes and the surviving modulus measure; they do not add independently integrated worldsheet coordinates.
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