A weather balloon is a type of high-altitude balloon specifically designed to collect data about the atmosphere. Typically made of latex or synthetic rubber, these balloons are filled with helium or hydrogen gas and can ascend to altitudes of up to 40 kilometers (about 25 miles) or more. Weather balloons are equipped with scientific instruments, such as radiosondes, which measure various atmospheric parameters, including temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and wind speed and direction.
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