History of particle physics Updated 2025-07-16
Ubuntu 21.04 Updated 2025-07-16
The most important projects Ciro Santilli wants to do Updated 2025-07-16
Top one: OurBigBook.com.
Broadcom Updated 2025-07-16
Brownian motion Updated 2025-07-16
Small microscopic visible particles move randomly around in water.
If water were continuous, this shouldn't happen. Therefore this serves as one important evidence of atomic theory.
The amount it moves also quantitatively matches with the expected properties of water and the floating particles, was was settled in 1905 by Einstein at: investigations on the theory of the Brownian movement by Einstein (1905).
This suggestion that Brownian motion comes from the movement of atoms had been made much before Einstein however, and passed tortuous discussions. Subtle is the Lord by Abraham Pais (1982) page 93 explains it well. There had already been infinite discussion on possible causes of those movements besides atomic theory, and many ideas were rejected as incompatible with observations:The first suggestions of atomic theory were from the 1860s.
Further investigations eliminated such causes as temperature gradients, mechanical disturbances, capillary actions, irradiation of the liquid (as long as the resulting temperature increase can be neglected), and the presence of convection currents within the liquid.
Tiny uniform plastic beads called "microbeads" are the preferred 2019 modern method of doing this: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbead
Original well known observation in 1827 by Brown, with further experiments and interpretation in 1908 by Jean Baptiste Perrin. Possible precursor observation in 1785 by Jan Ingenhousz, not sure why he wasn't credited better.
Observing Brownian motion of micro beads by Forrest Charnock (2016)
Source. Four-gradient Updated 2025-07-16
Metabolic pathway Updated 2025-07-16
Some notable examples:
Skew-symmetric bilinear map Updated 2025-07-16
Subcase of antisymmetric multilinear map:
SQLite C extension Updated 2025-07-16
Example: sqlite/ip.c, adapted from www.sqlite.org/loadext.html, also mentioned explained at: stackoverflow.com/questions/7638238/sqlite-ip-address-storage/76520885#76520885.
Sample usage in the test program: sqlite/test.sh.
SQL READ COMMITTED isolation level Updated 2025-07-16
Example where this level is sufficient: nodejs/sequelize/raw/parallel_update_async.js.
Wei Dai Updated 2025-07-16
Apache License Updated 2025-07-16
Aperiodic monotile Updated 2025-07-16
Aperiodic tiling Updated 2025-07-16
Doing physics means calculating a number Updated 2025-07-16
It does not matter how, if it is exact, or numerical, or a message from God: a number has to come out of the formulas in the end, and you have to compare it with the experimental data.
Many theoretical physicists seem to forget this in their lectures, see also: Section "How to teach and learn physics".
How Ciro Santilli manages to write so much Updated 2025-07-16
- Suck at your job:
- Have bad memory so you have to take notes: Ciro Santilli's bad old event memory
- Be a compulsive knowledge hoarder: Ciro Santilli's knowledge hoarding
- Seek glory over money: Ciro Santilli's selfish desires
- Try to make a carrier out of it: OurBigBook.com
- Be born compassionate: Ciro Santilli's self perceived compassionate personality
- He doesn't actually write that much, but when he does he focuses on higher impact stuff, see remarks about "He doesn't like to refresh the homepage looking for easy reputation" on Section "Ciro Santilli's Stack Overflow contributions"
- Contribute in a place where it is super easy for people to give you upvotes if they like your stuff. This way, you will see the uploads, and that will motivate you to re-read your content and make it more perfect with additions and corrections.
Special linear group of dimension 2 Updated 2025-07-16
University spin-off company Updated 2025-07-16
Aberration (astronomy) Updated 2025-07-16
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