This actually happens in Winter. But they are so fucking euphemistic that winter has to be removed from the calendar.
This actually happens in spring. But because they are so euphemistic winter had to be removed from the calendar, it gets shifted a left.
Probable observation of the Josephson superconducting tunneling effect by 
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01Paper by Philip W. Anderson and John M. Rowell that first (?) experimentally observed the Josephson effect.
Paywalled by the American Physical Society as of 2023 at: journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.10.230
TODO understand the graphs in detail.
They used tin-oxide-lead tunnel at 1.5 K. TODO oxide of what? Why two different metals? They say that both films are 200 nm thick, so maybe it is:
-----+------+------+-----
... Sn | SnO2 | PbO2 | Pb ...
-----+------+------------
100nm 100nmA reconstruction of their circuit in Ciro's ASCII art circuit diagram notation TODO:
DC---R_10---X---GThere are not details of the physical construction of course. Reproducibility lol.
Not only did this open the way for X-ray crystallography, it more fundamentally clarified the nature of X-rays as being electromagnetic radiation, and helped further establish the atomic theory.
Quantization as an Eigenvalue Problem by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01This paper appears to calculate the Schrödinger equation solution for the hydrogen atom.
TODO is this the original paper on the Schrödinger equation?
Published on Annalen der Physik in 1926.
Open access in German at: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/andp.19263840404 which gives volume 384, Issue 4, Pages 361-376. Kudos to Wiley for that. E.g. Nature did not have similar policies as of 2023.
This paper may have fallen into the public domain in the US in 2022! On the Internet Archive we can see scans of the journal that contains it at: ia903403.us.archive.org/29/items/sim_annalen-der-physik_1926_79_contents/sim_annalen-der-physik_1926_79_contents.pdf. Ciro Santilli extracted just the paper to: commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AQuantisierung_als_Eigenwertproblem.pdf. It is not as well processed as the Wiley one, but it is of 100% guaranteed clean public domain provenance! TODO: hmmm, it may be public domain in the USA but not Germany, where 70 years after author deaths rules, and Schrodinger died in 1961, so it may be up to 2031 in that country... messy stuff. There's also the question of wether copyright is was tranferred to AdP at publication or not.
An early English translation present at Collected Papers On Wave Mechanics by Deans (1928).
Contains formulas such as the Schrödinger equation solution for the hydrogen atom (1''):where:
In order for there to be numerical agreement, must have the value
, are the charge and mass of the electron
Per-table dumps created with mysqldump and listed at: dumps.wikimedia.org/. Most notably, for the English Wikipedia: dumps.wikimedia.org/enwiki/latest/
A few of the files are not actual tables but derived data, notably dumps.wikimedia.org/enwiki/latest/enwiki-latest-all-titles-in-ns0.gz from Download titles of all Wikipedia articles
The tables are "documented" under: www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Database_layout, e.g. the central "page" table: www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Page_table. But in many cases it is impossible to deduce what fields are from those docs.
The generic tool recommendation question: unix.stackexchange.com/questions/7425/is-there-a-robust-command-line-tool-for-processing-csv-files
dumps.wikimedia.org/enwiki/latest/enwiki-latest-category.sql.gz contains a list of categories. It only contains the categories and some counts, but it doesn't contain the subcategories and pages under each category, so it is a bit pointless.
The schema is listed at: www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Category_table
The SQL first defines the table:followed by a few humongous inserts:which we can see at: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Computer_storage_devices
CREATE TABLE `category` (
`cat_id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`cat_title` varbinary(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`cat_pages` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`cat_subcats` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`cat_files` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
PRIMARY KEY (`cat_id`),
UNIQUE KEY `cat_title` (`cat_title`),
KEY `cat_pages` (`cat_pages`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=249228235 DEFAULT CHARSET=binary ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED;INSERT INTO `category` VALUES (2,'Unprintworthy_redirects',1597224,20,0),(3,'Computer_storage_devices',88,11,0)Se see that en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Computer_storage_devices_by_companyso it contains only categories.
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Computer_storage_devices is a subcategory of that category and it appears in that file.
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronis_Secure_Zone is a page of the category, and it does not appear
We can check this with:and it shows:There doesn't seem to be any interlink between the categories, only page and subcategory counts therefore.
sed -s 's/),/\n/g' enwiki-latest-category.sql | grep Computer_storage_devices(3,'Computer_storage_devices',88,11,0
(521773,'Computer_storage_devices_by_company',6,6,0The schema is listed at: www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Categorylinks_table
On the SQL:
CREATE TABLE `categorylinks` (
`cl_from` int(8) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
`cl_to` varbinary(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`cl_sortkey` varbinary(230) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`cl_timestamp` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT current_timestamp() ON UPDATE current_timestamp(),
`cl_sortkey_prefix` varbinary(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`cl_collation` varbinary(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`cl_type` enum('page','subcat','file') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'page',
PRIMARY KEY (`cl_from`,`cl_to`),
KEY `cl_timestamp` (`cl_to`,`cl_timestamp`),
KEY `cl_sortkey` (`cl_to`,`cl_type`,`cl_sortkey`,`cl_from`),
KEY `cl_collation_ext` (`cl_collation`,`cl_to`,`cl_type`,`cl_from`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=binary ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED;TODO what is
cl_from? We've tried:page_id: nope, there is notpage_idof 3
cl_to appears to always be a category string name.The format appears to be described at: www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Categorylinks_table
A sample INSERT entry is:
(3,'Computer_storage_devices',88,11,0) Download titles of all Wikipedia articles by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01dumps.wikimedia.org/enwiki/latest/enwiki-latest-all-titles-in-ns0.gz Characterization:
- contains redirects, e.g. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"Ampere_North" redirects to en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere_North,_New_Jersey and both are present. Noted in this comment: stackoverflow.com/questions/24474288/how-to-obtain-a-list-of-titles-of-all-wikipedia-articles#comment136016773_24474476
Download titles of all Wikipedia articles without redirects by Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01
Ciro Santilli 35 Updated 2025-01-10 +Created 1970-01-01 Unlisted articles are being shown, click here to show only listed articles.