The "airport problem" generally refers to a variety of optimization problems related to the operation and management of airports, particularly those involving scheduling, capacity management, and resource allocation. Depending on the context, it can involve several specific issues: 1. **Flight Scheduling**: Determining optimal schedules for arrivals and departures to minimize delays while maximizing the utilization of runways, gates, and other resources.
A cooperative board game is a type of board game in which players work together towards a common goal rather than competing against each other. In these games, players often take on specific roles or characters, each with unique abilities, and they must collaborate to overcome challenges presented by the game itself, such as completing objectives, defeating adversaries, or solving puzzles.
In game theory, imputation refers to a method of distributing the total payoff of a cooperative game among the players in a way that ensures certain fairness and stability conditions are met. Specifically, an imputation is a vector of payoffs assigned to each player that satisfies the following criteria: 1. **Efficiency**: The total payoff distributed to the players should equal the total worth of the coalition, meaning no value is lost in the distribution.
"Irrigation" is a type of puzzle or simulation game that typically involves managing water resources to effectively irrigate crops and maximize agricultural output. The primary goal is usually to create a network of irrigation channels that deliver water to fields while overcoming various challenges such as terrain obstacles, limited resources, and time constraints. In these games, players often have to strategically plan and construct irrigation systems, considering factors like water flow, planting schedules, and crop types.
"Lemnis Gate" is a turn-based strategy game that combines elements of first-person shooting and tactical gameplay. Developed by Ratloop Games Canada and published by Frontier Foundry, it was released in September 2021. The game is set within a time-bending arena where players control a team of characters, each with unique abilities. The gameplay consists of alternating turns, with players strategically placing their actions within a time loop that lasts 25 seconds.
A linear production game is a specific type of cooperative game that is used in the field of game theory and economics to model situations in which multiple players (agents, firms, or producers) work together to produce a common output or to achieve collective goals. The production process is characterized as linear in terms of resource inputs and outputs. ### Key Features of Linear Production Games: 1. **Linear Structure**: - The production function, which describes how inputs translate into outputs, is linear.
Mage Knight is a strategy board game designed by Vlaada Chvátil, first published in 2011. The game combines elements of adventure, role-playing, and deck-building, set in a fantasy world. Players take on the roles of powerful Mage Knights who explore a modular board, fight monsters, conquer cities, and achieve various objectives. In Mage Knight, players use a combination of action cards to move, attack, and perform various actions throughout the game.
Otto Rössler is a German theoretical biochemist and physicist, known for his work in the fields of chaos theory, systems theory, and the philosophy of science. He is particularly recognized for his contributions to the study of dynamical systems and has proposed models related to chaos and complexity in biological and physical systems. Rössler is also known for his work on the Rössler attractor, a system of equations that exhibits chaotic behavior and has become a fundamental example in chaos theory.
Samarium hexaboride (SmB6) is a compound composed of samarium, a rare-earth element, and boron. It crystallizes in a complex cubic structure and is noted for its notable electronic properties. SmB6 is particularly interesting to researchers because it exhibits behavior characteristic of a topological insulator. In its bulk form, SmB6 is an insulator at low temperatures, but it has metallic-like surface states that can conduct electricity.
UPd₂Al₃ is a chemical compound composed of uranium (U), palladium (Pd), and aluminum (Al). It belongs to a class of materials known as intermetallic compounds, which are characterized by the orderly arrangement of two or more different metal atoms in a crystalline structure. In UPd₂Al₃, the composition indicates that there are one uranium atom, two palladium atoms, and three aluminum atoms in the formula.
Uranium, rhodium, and germanium are three distinct chemical elements, each with different properties and applications. 1. **Uranium (U)**: A heavy, silvery-white metallic element that is radioactive and has the atomic number 92. Uranium is primarily used as fuel in nuclear reactors and is a key material in the production of nuclear weapons. It occurs naturally in the Earth's crust and is mined in various parts of the world.
Uranium ruthenium silicide (often referred to as URuSi) is a compound that consists of uranium (U), ruthenium (Ru), and silicon (Si). It is of interest in the field of materials science and condensed matter physics due to its unique properties, which can include interesting electrical and magnetic behaviors.
He Zehui (何则辉) is a notable Chinese mathematician, recognized for her contributions in the field of mathematics, particularly in the area of algebra and its applications. Born in 1927, she made significant advancements in mathematical research throughout her career. He Zehui is known for being one of the first female mathematicians in China to gain prominence in the academic community. She has also been influential in education, mentoring many students and contributing to the development of mathematics education in China.
John Alexander Simpson could refer to various individuals or entities, depending on the context. One notable figure is a British biochemist known for his contributions to the field of biochemistry and molecular biology. He may also be a lesser-known individual in various fields such as academia, business, or the arts.
In cosmogony, "Chaos" refers to a primordial state of existence from which the universe and all things within it arise. This concept appears in various mythologies and philosophical systems, often representing a formless or void-like condition that precedes the creation of order and structure in the cosmos. In ancient Greek mythology, for example, Chaos is often depicted as a yawning void or a primal state of nothingness, from which the first deities and elements emerged.
Creation myths are traditional stories or narratives that explain how the universe, the Earth, and humanity came into existence. These myths are often foundational to the beliefs and cultures of various societies and can serve various purposes, such as providing a sense of identity, explaining natural phenomena, or establishing moral and social order.
"A Universe from Nothing" is a concept and a title of a popular book written by physicist Lawrence M. Krauss. The book, published in 2012, explores the idea that the universe could arise from a state of "nothing." Krauss argues that the laws of physics, particularly quantum mechanics, allow for the spontaneous creation of particles and, by extension, entire universes from a vacuum state that is devoid of matter.